{"id":208364,"date":"2024-08-05T11:35:07","date_gmt":"2024-08-05T15:35:07","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/antiguanewsroom.com\/?p=208364"},"modified":"2024-08-05T11:48:22","modified_gmt":"2024-08-05T15:48:22","slug":"do-antiguans-and-barbudans-have-more-economic-freedom-today-since-emancipation","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/antiguanewsroom.com\/do-antiguans-and-barbudans-have-more-economic-freedom-today-since-emancipation\/","title":{"rendered":"Do Antiguans and Barbudans have more economic freedom today since emancipation?"},"content":{"rendered":"
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by Yves Ephraim<\/p>

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DO ANTIGUANS and BARBUDANS HAVE MORE ECONOMIC FREEDOM TODAY SINCE EMANCIPATION?<\/p>\n\n\n\n

I want to challenge each Antiguan and Barbudan to ask yourself the following question and to give an honest answer.<\/p>

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Can we say that the descendants of Antiguan slaves are more in control of this economy and own more than 50% of the lands since Emancipation?<\/p>

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On the 1st August, 1834, slaves in Antigua were given bodily freedom but not complete economic freedom. And this was by design.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

On day one, the now freedmen had no access to vast tracts of land of their own to occupy or even to cultivate to feed themselves. In fact, on the day of the emancipation proclamation, these former slaves found themselves as law breakers, being trespassers on Massa\u2019s land.<\/p>

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The colonial government eventually convinced some of the planters to grant a few acres of land so that the freemen could leave the plantations to enjoy their bodily freedom. The Methodist and Moravian churches granted lands for the said purpose as well.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

These granted lands formed what we now know as villages. Consequently, the land a freeman “owned” was limited to the area he squatted on for his hut.<\/p>

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You cannot ignore from the lesson above that freedom and land ownership are inextricably linked. All around the world other ethnic groups understand this linkage and often die defending their land. They know that they will never be free without land ownership.<\/p>

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It amazes me how eager this country is to give “investors” who just happen to be descendants of former colonialists, hundreds of acres of land for a mere pittance in exchange for so called economic development, while relegating the descendants of slaves to mortgaged, rented and leased lands.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Antigua and Bermuda were the only two islands to reject the Apprenticeship notion and to free the slaves immediately. That decision was not necessarily for humanitarian reasons.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Since all of the land was owned by the planters of these islands, the planters knew that the freedmen had no choice but to seek employment on the plantations in order to feed themselves. The planters also knew too, that due to the size of the population there would be competition for the available jobs and that in itself would push down wages.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The planters calculated that it would cost them more to house and feed the freed slaves during an Apprenticeship period than to set the slaves free to work for a low wage and simultaneously fend for themselves.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the aftermath of Emancipation, the freedmen tried their best to avoid working on the plantations and attempted to produce for themselves, but the tax measures and laws that were subsequently introduced made working outside of the plantation near impossible at first.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Laws like \u201cwatching and besetting\u201d were aimed at supposed idle freedmen who, when found guilty would serve time with \u201chard labour\u201d on a plantation. I am sure many of you can remember that “hard labour” was a common sentence at one time. Also remember that the prisoners once had their own “ground” near Yorks.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In spite of the impediments put in the way of these freedmen just after Emancipation, over time, they were able to use their small backyards to cultivate crops and then sell their excess to one another. This caused the development of the fish, meat and vegetable markets. Other freedmen used their skills as blacksmiths to create utensils for sale.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

By sheer determination these freedmen started to become economically independent. There was now an economy that was controlled by the freedmen. In spite of all efforts by the planters and the colonial powers to get these freedmen back onto the plantation, they both had to accept failure which lead, in part, to the demise of the sugar industry.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Fast forward to 1964, just 130 years later when I was born, there was a significant number of indigenous Antiguan-owned businesses occupying market street and the environs of St. John\u2019s.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

We even had two libraries!<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In my youth, I recall the bustling business activity that was indicative of the weekend vegetable and meat markets. I recall the various village shops and milk deliveries. I even recall the various agricultural plots where Woods Malls stands, that many Antiguan’s “worked” for themselves.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Many of my contemporaries received higher education as a result their self-sufficient parents, who achieved such feats with their savings and little debt.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

As we look around today can we honestly say that the future of the descendants of slaves in this country appears bright?<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Are we not back to where we were on the first day of Emancipation?<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Namely:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \n
  1. The vast majority of the land that was purchased from the Syndicate has once again been given back to the descendants of the former colonialists;<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  2. Locals can hardly get land to buy that they can afford.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  3. With hardly any available land for agriculture are we all not forced to go back and serve on the neo-plantation (i.e. tourism) for low paying \u201cjabs\u201d?<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  4. Does our tax measures and business laws not make it more feasible to avoid business ownership and to go and work on the neo-plantation?<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n

    To get a sense of how we have thwarted our own economic freedom by favouring less, the descendants of slaves, we will compare recent GDP figures for current and former British colonies:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    COUNTRY GDP (2022 US$) RANKING
    Antigua and Barbuda $19,920.00 6
    Cayman Islands $99,625.00 2
    Bermuda $118,775.00 1
    Turks and Caicos $24,918.00 4
    St. Kitts and Nevis $20,262.00 5
    British Virgin Islands $48,511.00 3<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    At the cursory level, it would appear that former British West Indian colonies are performing worst, Antigua and Barbuda included.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    I would posit that this is so because, the descendants of slaves are made to carry a higher tax burden and to experience more difficulty to start a business compared to the descendants of the colonialist who are now seen as investors.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    When will our leaders truly empower the descendants of slaves to flourish and dominate the world economically and not just be mere members of the third world?<\/p>\n

    \"\"<\/a><\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    by Yves Ephraim DO ANTIGUANS and BARBUDANS HAVE MORE ECONOMIC FREEDOM TODAY SINCE EMANCIPATION? I want to challenge each Antiguan and Barbudan to ask yourself the following question and to give an honest answer. Can we say that the descendants of Antiguan slaves are more in control of this economy and own more than 50% […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":169878,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-208364","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-featured"],"yoast_head":"\nDo Antiguans and Barbudans have more economic freedom today since emancipation? - Antigua News Room<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/antiguanewsroom.com\/do-antiguans-and-barbudans-have-more-economic-freedom-today-since-emancipation\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Do Antiguans and Barbudans have more economic freedom today since emancipation?\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"by Yves Ephraim DO ANTIGUANS and BARBUDANS HAVE MORE ECONOMIC FREEDOM TODAY SINCE EMANCIPATION? 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I want to challenge each Antiguan and Barbudan to ask yourself the following question and to give an honest answer. 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