{"id":121034,"date":"2020-12-12T08:34:25","date_gmt":"2020-12-12T12:34:25","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/antiguanewsroom.com\/?p=121034"},"modified":"2020-12-12T08:34:25","modified_gmt":"2020-12-12T12:34:25","slug":"from-barbuda-to-the-world-love-and-peace-and-happiness-in-the-time-of-climate-emergency","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/antiguanewsroom.com\/from-barbuda-to-the-world-love-and-peace-and-happiness-in-the-time-of-climate-emergency\/","title":{"rendered":"From Barbuda to the World: Love (and Peace and Happiness) in the Time of Climate Emergency"},"content":{"rendered":"
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By: C\u00e9sar Rodr\u00edguez-Garavito & Elizabeth Donger \u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

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\u201cThe future is already here. It\u2019s just not evenly distributed yet,\u201d the sci-fi writer William Gibson has famously\u00a0said<\/a>. For a peek into the future of human rights in a warming planet, there are few better places than the small Caribbean island of Barbuda.<\/p>

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Barbuda is a microcosm of larger trends and issues \u2013 from climate-induced displacement and disaster capitalism, to greenwashing of policies that undermine climate resilience. If this future is to be avoided in Barbuda and elsewhere, the world must pay close attention to current developments in the island whose stunning calm and beauty made it\u00a0Princess Diana\u2019s<\/a>\u00a0favorite vacation spot and inspired Robert de Niro to call his planned luxury tourism project there, \u201cParadise Found<\/a>.\u201d<\/p>\n

The first thing to note is the government\u2019s double standard. In early December, 2020, the central government of Antigua and Barbuda, located on the island of Antigua, virtually convened a\u00a0meeting<\/a>\u00a0of the Latin American and Caribbean states that had signed the landmark Escaz\u00fa Agreement in 2018. This binding treaty guarantees public participation in significant decisions about the environment, rights to information and access to justice in environmental matters. It also offers important protections for environmental activists, who face\u00a0acute risks<\/a>\u00a0across the continent.<\/p>

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The government\u00a0self-identifies<\/a>\u00a0as \u201cone of the front runners within the region with a progressive climate agenda,\u201d recently receiving $39.4 million from the Green Climate Fund. When the Category-5 Hurricane Irma decimated Barbuda in 2017, a smaller island located 40 miles north of Antigua, Prime Minister Gaston Browne\u00a0said<\/a>\u00a0\u201cThree years from now, we\u2019ll be having a different conversation; we\u2019ll be looking at a Barbuda that\u2019s climate-resilient, that\u2019s totally green.\u201d<\/p>

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Three years later, the conversation is very different. While championing the Escaz\u00fa Agreement, PM Browne is simultaneously rolling out\u00a0plans<\/a>\u00a0to transform Barbuda\u2019s 62 square miles into a haven for luxury hotels and sprawling estates for billionaires, all the while dismissing strong opposition from locals and violating basic human rights protected by the Escaz\u00fa Agreement and international law \u2014 including Barbudans\u2019 right to have a say in decisions affecting their lives and lands.<\/p>\n

Since the time of slavery under British colonial rule, Barbudans and Antiguans have lived\u00a0very differently<\/a>. While Antigua\u2019s economy is fueled by large-scale tourism, like most of the Caribbean, all land in Barbuda is \u201cowned in common by the people of Barbuda,\u201d and \u201cno land in Barbuda [can] be sold\u201d \u2013 a centuries old system formally recognized in these words of the Barbuda Land Act of 2007.<\/p>

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Barbudan culture and identity is intimately tied to the land. Barbudans steward their dry, limestone island in balance with its delicate ecology: harvesting lobster, hunting, implementing slash and burn farming techniques and allowing select eco-tourism projects through its local governance mechanism, the Barbuda Council.<\/p>\n

Today, Barbuda\u2019s past and future identity hang in the balance.<\/h6>\n

After Hurricane Irma hit in September 2017, the central government evacuated all 1,800 Barbuans to Antigua. It was necessary, they said, because a second storm was imminent. When no storm arrived, armed military personnel continued to seek out and remove those who wished to remain and rebuild. Barbudans remained on Antigua for several months, while their possessions rotted from the salt and sun.<\/p>

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Within days of the evacuation, developers and construction crews arrived and began round-the-clock work on an international airport a third of the size of New York\u2019s LaGuardia, without any environmental assessment. \u201cThat\u2019s when we realized that the government wasn\u2019t interested in having Barbudans back,\u201d told us John Mussington, an activist and Principal of Barbuda\u2019s secondary school, \u201cthey wanted to redevelop the island as a private real estate venture.\u201d<\/p>

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This is the second feature of Barbuda\u2019s story that encapsulates future challenges for human rights in the climate crisis. As Naomi Klein has\u00a0written<\/a>, this is disaster capitalism for the twenty-first century: the use of a crisis and military force to enact economic reforms that would not have been possible under normal circumstances.<\/p>\n

Within months of the hurricane, the government\u00a0summarily repealed<\/a>\u00a0the communal land protections of the 2007 Barbuda Land Act. The scope of the development since then is striking, especially given pending legal challenges to this repeal and to several individual projects. Much of the development is inside Codrington Lagoon National Park,\u00a0a wetland protected under the Ramsar Convention<\/a>. As the below map shows, the projects cover most of the island\u2019s Caribbean side.<\/p>\n

One development is \u201cPeace, Love and Happiness<\/a>,\u201d funded by American business magnates Steve Anderson and Jean Paul DeJoria. This project alone, for which construction is well underway, covers 650 acres of the National Park, nearly 2% of the island. The proposal includes around 500 homes, golf courses and a marina within the Codrington Lagoon to harbor the mega-yachts of the rich.<\/p>\n

Meanwhile, the central government has extended little peace, love and happiness to Barbudans. \u201cThose who may intend to become economic terrorists in this country, they would have to face the full extent of the law for any infractions whatsoever,\u201d\u00a0said<\/a>\u00a0PM Browne in 2015. This is how he referred to those opposing his plans for the \u201cDisneyfication of Barbuda,\u201d as environmental anthropologist Sophia Perdirakis called the reforms in a\u00a0webinar<\/a>\u00a0organized by the\u00a0Climate Litigation Accelerator<\/a>\u00a0at the New York University School of Law\u2019s Center for Human Rights and Global Justice. This is a remarkable contradiction for a government presenting itself as a champion of a treaty (Escaz\u00fa) whose original contribution to international law is the protection of environmental defenders\u2019 rights.<\/p>\n

The contradiction has recently sharpened. In July 2020, after Barbuda\u2019s only member of parliament Trevor Walker attended a protest against PLH, PM Browne\u00a0told the press<\/a>\u00a0\u201cAnytime they do anything illegal over there I am sending the police and army \u2026 I rather fight them and resign than to turn a blind eye.\u201d In September 2020, at another peaceful protest against PLH, two Barbudan Councilmembers were\u00a0arrested and charged<\/a>\u00a0with trespass and breaking COVID rules for not wearing facemasks.<\/p>\n

The third warning Barbuda offers for the future is the following: just as the climate crisis presents an existential threat to human rights, human rights violations open the door to environmental deterioration and further global warming. According to the\u00a0Global Coral Reef Alliance<\/a>, the projects in Barbuda \u201cwill cause significant, and probably irreversible, deterioration of water quality in Codrington Lagoon, Barbuda\u2019s major fish nursery ground.\u201d The golf courses, resorts and houses will consume land essential for farming, animal breeding and pasture, and protected species. The developments need vast amounts of fresh water, requiring large-scale desalinization, a process that generates a toxic sludge that can seriously damage coral and sea life. Replacing mangroves, sedges and wetlands with shore-line structures will drastically weaken Barbuda\u2019s resilience to sea level rise and other extreme weather events that will intensify yearly, as the 2020 hurricane season laid bare.<\/p>\n

Today, Barbuda\u2019s past and future identity hang in the balance. If the government is to take seriously its proffered commitment to international human rights, the environment and future generations, it needs to respect \u201ccommunal land rights and conserve Barbuda\u2019s heritage, culture and environment,\u201d as the\u00a0Barbuda Silent No More<\/a>\u00a0movement has demanded.<\/p>\n

The rest of the world should be paying close attention. Barbuda\u2019s fate, for better or for worse, will be evenly distributed across the world before too long.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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By: C\u00e9sar Rodr\u00edguez-Garavito & Elizabeth Donger \u00a0 \u201cThe future is already here. It\u2019s just not evenly distributed yet,\u201d the sci-fi writer William Gibson has famously\u00a0said. For a peek into the future of human rights in a warming planet, there are few better places than the small Caribbean island of Barbuda. Barbuda is a microcosm of […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":121035,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[5],"tags":[118,119,117,116,107,88,102,94,96,91,90,99,92,114,115,98,108,106,104,109,95,105,110,112,113,111,101,103,97],"class_list":["post-121034","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-news","tag-268-antigua","tag-268-antigua-barbuda","tag-268-antigua-today","tag-268-today","tag-advertise-in-antigua","tag-antigua","tag-antigua-barbuda","tag-antigua-and-barbuda","tag-antigua-breaking-news","tag-antigua-caribbean","tag-antigua-crime","tag-antigua-economy-news","tag-antigua-news","tag-antigua-news-rooom","tag-antigua-observer","tag-antigua-politics","tag-antiguan-news","tag-barbuda","tag-barbuda-news","tag-barbudan-news","tag-breaking-news-antigua","tag-news","tag-news-antigua","tag-news-antigua-barbuda","tag-news-antigua-and-barbuda","tag-news-barbuda","tag-news-in-antigua","tag-news-in-barbuda","tag-tourism-news"],"yoast_head":"\nFrom Barbuda to the World: Love (and Peace and Happiness) in the Time of Climate Emergency - Antigua News Room<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/antiguanewsroom.com\/from-barbuda-to-the-world-love-and-peace-and-happiness-in-the-time-of-climate-emergency\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"From Barbuda to the World: Love (and Peace and Happiness) in the Time of Climate Emergency\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"By: C\u00e9sar Rodr\u00edguez-Garavito & Elizabeth Donger \u00a0 \u201cThe future is already here. 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It\u2019s just not evenly distributed yet,\u201d the sci-fi writer William Gibson has famously\u00a0said. For a peek into the future of human rights in a warming planet, there are few better places than the small Caribbean island of Barbuda. 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