{"id":106183,"date":"2020-03-05T16:19:10","date_gmt":"2020-03-05T20:19:10","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/antiguanewsroom.com\/?p=106183"},"modified":"2020-03-05T16:19:10","modified_gmt":"2020-03-05T20:19:10","slug":"commentary-masquerade-by-venezuelan-academics-to-avoid-rule-of-law","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/antiguanewsroom.com\/commentary-masquerade-by-venezuelan-academics-to-avoid-rule-of-law\/","title":{"rendered":"COMMENTARY: Masquerade By Venezuelan Academics To Avoid Rule Of Law"},"content":{"rendered":"
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By Sir Ronald Sanders<\/span><\/b><\/p>

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(The writer is Ambassador of Antigua and Barbuda to the United States and the Organization of American States.\u00a0 He is also a Senior Fellow at the Institute of Commonwealth Studies at the University of London and at Massey College in the University of Toronto.\u00a0 The views expressed are entirely his own)<\/span><\/i><\/p>\n

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\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

My less than 1,000 words commentary, on the case before the International Court of Justice (ICJ) between Guyana and Venezuela, provoked a response of 2,069 words from two academics of Universidad Central de Venezuela.\u00a0 The response merits reply if only because the authors, Kenneth Ramirez and Mirna Yonis, have attempted to masquerade their political position as an objective academic analysis.\u00a0 <\/span><\/p>

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In their lengthy response, the two authors devoted 688 words to the internal politics of Guyana and its general elections.\u00a0 This is a complete irrelevance to Venezuela\u2019s claim to two-thirds of Guyana and to the question of whether the ICJ has jurisdiction to arbitrate the contention between the two countries. Their demeaning narrative of Guyana\u2019s domestic politics highlights their intent to delegitimize the country.\u00a0 <\/span><\/p>

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\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Suffice to say that Guyana\u2019s internal political discourse has been conducted within the framework of law.\u00a0 Further, it has been firmly established, by scholarship and demonstrated positions, that the political parties and the people of Guyana are united in their resistance to territorial claims by any group in Venezuela. <\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

The bias of the authors was revealed in two further statements in their response.\u00a0 <\/span><\/p>

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The first was their assertion that Nicolas Maduro, the de facto Venezuela President has a \u201cwell earned, bad reputation\u201d.\u00a0 This placed them in the camp of the opposition parties in Venezuela which have been even more strident than the Chavez\/Maduro governments in aggressively laying claim to Guyanese territory.\u00a0 <\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

The second was their pronouncement that there are a few Caribbean diplomats at the Organization of American States (OAS) that support Maduro \u201cin the name of the principle of non-intervention\u201d.\u00a0 They are right that non-intervention in the internal affairs of states is a settled principle in the OAS, reflected in its binding Charter, and in the United Nations, and that Caribbean diplomats uphold the rule of law.\u00a0 <\/span><\/p>

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\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

The authors would evidently prefer Caribbean diplomats to discard principle and law in favour of the agenda of opposition forces in Venezuela.\u00a0 That will not happen; not because of any bias to one or other political group in Venezuela, but because Caribbean countries have consistently adumbrated the position that Venezuela\u2019s internal political impasse must be settled by Venezuelans, and, further, that the rules and norms of international institutions should not be twisted to the advantage of one side or the other, nor for the benefit of any external interests.\u00a0 <\/span><\/p>

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\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

As for the actual case before the ICJ, remarkably the authors boldly state that UN Secretary-General, Ant\u00f3nio Guterres, in referring the contention to the ICJ, \u201cmisunderstand and exceeded his authority\u201d given under a 1966 agreement signed in Geneva by the parties.\u00a0 They impugn the integrity of the Secretary-General and the considerable capacity of the UN legal machinery, suggesting that, despite every other determination made on international matters, this one is wrong simply because it does not accord with their preferences.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

The UN Charter recognizes that \u201clegal disputes should as a general rule be referred by the parties to the ICJ in accordance with the provisions of the Statute of the Court\u201d.\u00a0 The Statute of the Court,\u00a0 which is an integral part of the UN Charter, clearly states that: \u201cThe jurisdiction of the Court comprises all cases which the parties refer to it and all matters specially provided for in the Charter of the United Nations or in treaties and conventions in force\u201d.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/b><\/p>\n

The authors claim that, by going to the ICJ, Guyana broke the spirit of the 1966 agreement to negotiate bilaterally.\u00a0 But they conveniently ignore the reality that Venezuela verbalized negotiation while executing aggression.\u00a0 Numerous examples lay bare that story, among them: Venezuela\u2019s invasion and occupation of Ankoko Island in 1996 and its illegal occupation ever since; President Raul Leoni in July 1968, claiming \u201csovereignty\u201d over a twelve-mile strip of Guyana\u2019s continental shelf; a decree by President Nicol\u00e1s Maduro in May 2015, creating the \u201cAtlantic coast of Venezuela\u201d which included Guyana\u2019s territorial waters in the Atlantic Ocean off the Essequibo region; and by other well recorded acts of aggression.\u00a0 <\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

As a basis for discarding international arbitration, the Authors claim that \u201cVenezuela has a inveterate doctrine of foreign policy that consist in not submit issues related with its territorial integrity to adjudicative methods that involve the settlement of these disputes by international tribunals\u201d.\u00a0 In other words, unlike every other country in the world \u2013 large ones like the United States and small ones like the Marshall Islands \u2013 Venezuela prefers the use of its superior military and economic power to impose its will on a militarily weaker and, up until recently, a poor state.\u00a0 And to the authors, this big stick approach, away from the watchful eye of the world\u2019s legal machinery, is perfectly right. <\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Staggeringly, these authors who claim academic credentials \u2013 and presumably, therefore, scholastic objectivity \u2013 state that the Arbitral Award of 1899,\u00a0 which settled the boundaries between Venezuela and Guyana, \u201cwas decided behind its (Venezuela\u2019s) backs and enforced under the threat of coercion of the great powers\u201d.\u00a0\u00a0 It is little wonder that with Professors such as these, Venezuelan students imbibe, as fact, the myth of a legitimate claim to two-thirds of Guyana.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Documentary evidence shows that the Arbitration Panel that produced the 1899 boundary settlement included the Chief Justice of the United States of America, Weston Fuller, who was nominated by no less a person than the President of Venezuela.\u00a0 Far from \u201cbehind Venezuela\u2019s back\u201d, the Venezuelan President was frontal in the composition of the Panel.\u00a0\u00a0 Further, the arbitration gave to Venezuela \u201cthe mouth of the Orinoco and control of the Oronoco basin\u201d.\u00a0 <\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

So, delighted was the Venezuelan government with the award that the Venezuelan Ambassador to London, Jose Andrade, the brother of President, \u00a0Ignacio Andrade,\u00a0 declared: \u201cGreatly indeed did justice shine through when in spite of all, in the determining of the frontier the exclusive dominion of the Orinoco was granted to us, which is the principal aim we set ourselves to obtain through arbitration\u201d.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Successive Venezuelan governments jealously protected their acquisition of more territory and the new border until 1962, when political ambition resurrected an unsubstantiated claim, attributed to one of its long dead lawyers from the 1899 arbitral process, that the US Chief Justice \u2013 Venezuela\u2019s own appointed arbitrator \u2013 had been bribed.\u00a0 But, since the award gave Venezuela what it proclaimed was its desire, for what purpose was the US Chief Justice bribed?\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

If the authors are so certain of the rightness of the Venezuela contention, then there should be no fear of the ICJ \u2013 after all, as the saying goes, \u201ctruth will out\u201d.<\/span><\/p>\n

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By Sir Ronald Sanders (The writer is Ambassador of Antigua and Barbuda to the United States and the Organization of American States.\u00a0 He is also a Senior Fellow at the Institute of Commonwealth Studies at the University of London and at Massey College in the University of Toronto.\u00a0 The views expressed are entirely his own) […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":18251,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[5],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-106183","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-news"],"yoast_head":"\nCOMMENTARY: Masquerade By Venezuelan Academics To Avoid Rule Of Law - Antigua News Room<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/antiguanewsroom.com\/commentary-masquerade-by-venezuelan-academics-to-avoid-rule-of-law\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"COMMENTARY: Masquerade By Venezuelan Academics To Avoid Rule Of Law\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"By Sir Ronald Sanders (The writer is Ambassador of Antigua and Barbuda to the United States and the Organization of American States.\u00a0 He is also a Senior Fellow at the Institute of Commonwealth Studies at the University of London and at Massey College in the University of Toronto.\u00a0 The views expressed are entirely his own) […]\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/antiguanewsroom.com\/commentary-masquerade-by-venezuelan-academics-to-avoid-rule-of-law\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Antigua News Room\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/antiguanewsroom\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2020-03-05T20:19:10+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/mlavawteztbj.i.optimole.com\/w:auto\/h:auto\/q:mauto\/f:best\/https:\/\/antiguanewsroom.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/SirRon.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"600\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"340\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Editor\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:creator\" content=\"@AntiguaNewsRoom\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:site\" content=\"@AntiguaNewsRoom\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Editor\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"6 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/antiguanewsroom.com\/commentary-masquerade-by-venezuelan-academics-to-avoid-rule-of-law\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/antiguanewsroom.com\/commentary-masquerade-by-venezuelan-academics-to-avoid-rule-of-law\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Editor\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/antiguanewsroom.com\/#\/schema\/person\/36cac05ef6398fe56ae3e6317f8535c5\"},\"headline\":\"COMMENTARY: Masquerade By Venezuelan Academics To Avoid Rule Of Law\",\"datePublished\":\"2020-03-05T20:19:10+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2020-03-05T20:19:10+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/antiguanewsroom.com\/commentary-masquerade-by-venezuelan-academics-to-avoid-rule-of-law\/\"},\"wordCount\":1144,\"commentCount\":0,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/antiguanewsroom.com\/#organization\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/antiguanewsroom.com\/commentary-masquerade-by-venezuelan-academics-to-avoid-rule-of-law\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\/\/mlavawteztbj.i.optimole.com\/w:600\/h:340\/q:mauto\/f:best\/https:\/\/antiguanewsroom.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/SirRon.jpg\",\"articleSection\":[\"News\"],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"CommentAction\",\"name\":\"Comment\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/antiguanewsroom.com\/commentary-masquerade-by-venezuelan-academics-to-avoid-rule-of-law\/#respond\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/antiguanewsroom.com\/commentary-masquerade-by-venezuelan-academics-to-avoid-rule-of-law\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/antiguanewsroom.com\/commentary-masquerade-by-venezuelan-academics-to-avoid-rule-of-law\/\",\"name\":\"COMMENTARY: Masquerade By Venezuelan Academics To Avoid Rule Of Law - 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